Hong Kong’s fourth deadliest cancer is earning its grim nickname. Pancreatic cancer, often called the “king of cancers” by medical professionals, is notoriously difficult to detect in its early stages, leading to devastating outcomes for the vast majority of patients. According to recent data, 889 people in Hong Kong died from the disease in 2021 alone, and both incidence and mortality rates have been climbing steadily over the past decade. The reason for such alarming statistics lies in the organ’s hidden location—tucked deep within the abdomen behind the stomach and partially obscured by the intestines—making early detection nearly impossible through routine check-ups. As a result, approximately 85% of patients are diagnosed at a stage when surgical removal is no longer an option, and a staggering 90% of those with late-stage disease succumb within one year.
Why Is Pancreatic Cancer Called the “King of Cancers”?
Medical experts have dubbed pancreatic cancer the “king of cancers” for good reason. The pancreas, a gland responsible for producing digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin, sits in a position that makes it difficult to examine during standard physical exams. This anatomical challenge means that tumors can grow silently for months or even years without triggering noticeable symptoms.
Dr. Ping-Yi Hsu, Deputy Superintendent of Tainan An-Nan Hospital in Taiwan, explains that the pancreas secretes enzymes through the main pancreatic duct into the common bile duct, which then empties into the small intestine to aid digestion. When the pancreas is damaged, enzyme production drops, leading to severe digestive and absorption problems. This often manifests as unexplained rapid weight loss, one of the hallmark signs of the disease.
Three Critical Warning Signs You Should Not Ignore
While early-stage pancreatic cancer is notoriously symptom-free, medical experts have identified three key indicators that warrant immediate attention:
- Sudden, unexplained weight loss: When pancreatic enzymes are insufficient, the body struggles to break down and absorb nutrients from food, causing a dramatic drop in weight without changes in diet or exercise.
- Jaundice: Tumors located in the lower portion of the pancreas can compress the common bile duct, blocking bile flow. This leads to a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes—a visible sign that something is wrong.
- Persistent abdominal and back pain: As a tumor expands, it may press on surrounding nerves, causing a dull, continuous ache in the upper abdomen or radiating to the back.
Dr. Hsu recalls a sobering case: a 60-year-old homemaker who suffered from upper abdominal discomfort for six months. She had been diagnosed with diabetes a year earlier and was taking medication regularly. Believing her pain was simply a stomach issue, she repeatedly bought over-the-counter remedies. When she finally sought medical help, an ultrasound revealed her liver was enlarged and dotted with 20 to 30 small tumors—metastases from an underlying pancreatic cancer. A CT scan confirmed the diagnosis, but the cancer had already spread, making surgery impossible. She declined chemotherapy and passed away within four months.
How to Tell the Difference Between Stomach Pain and Pancreatic Pain
Many patients mistake pancreatic discomfort for common gastric issues, delaying critical treatment. Dr. Nian-Feng Zhu, a metabolism specialist, offers a simple guide based on pain location and timing:
- Stomach pain: Typically felt in the upper central chest area, often accompanied by a burning sensation. It tends to occur when the stomach is empty. Pain that strikes after eating, especially on the right side, may indicate a duodenal ulcer or gallbladder stones—particularly after a heavy, fatty meal.
- Pancreatic pain: Manifests as a dull, persistent ache in the back or a pain that radiates from the chest through to the back. Patients often find relief only by bending forward.
Of course, an ultrasound is essential for an accurate diagnosis, as these symptoms can easily overlap.
Six Essential Nutrients to Protect Your Pancreas
Research has shown that pancreatic cancer patients often have significantly lower blood levels of folate and vitamin B6—two nutrients crucial for DNA repair and reducing the risk of cancerous mutations. Dietitian Shu-Hui Huang from Taiwan’s Postal Hospital recommends incorporating the following six nutrients into your daily meals:
- Chromium: Supports insulin secretion. Found in whole grains and lean meats.
- Selenium: Helps neutralize free radicals and slow cellular aging. Rich sources include Brazil nuts and lean beef.
- Healthy fats: Omega-9 fatty acids (e.g., in olive oil) promote normal bile secretion, while omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., in flaxseed oil) reduce inflammation and protect against pancreatitis.
- Folate: Protects DNA integrity. Found in leafy greens like komatsuna and apples.
- Vitamin B6: Works alongside folate for DNA repair. Present in poultry, fish, and bananas.
- Vitamin D: May lower pancreatic cancer risk. Obtainable from mushrooms, fatty fish, and fortified dairy products.
A Simple Recipe for Pancreatic Health: Avocado, Pumpkin, Pine Nut, and Shrimp
To combine these protective nutrients in one delicious dish, try this easy recipe recommended by dietitians:
Ingredients: Fresh shrimp, pumpkin cubes, ripe avocado, pine nuts, garlic, and a drizzle of olive oil.
Method: Sauté garlic in olive oil, then add shrimp and pumpkin until cooked. Toss with diced avocado and toasted pine nuts. Serve warm as a nutrient-packed main or side dish.
The Bigger Picture: What You Can Do Now
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases to treat, but awareness and early detection can save lives. If you experience unexplained weight loss, persistent back pain, or jaundice, consult a doctor immediately—do not dismiss it as a simple stomach ache. For those with risk factors such as a family history, diabetes, or chronic pancreatitis, regular screenings may be advisable.
For further reading, explore related articles on the link between diet and pancreatic health, including the dangers of excessive alcohol consumption and the impact of high-sugar diets. Your kitchen may hold more power than you think in the fight against this silent killer.